Immunological Memory and Aging: A Mini Review

Kato Jumba K.

Faculty of Science and Technology Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Immunological memory is a critical feature of the adaptive immune system that enables a rapid and robust response upon re-exposure to previously encountered pathogens. However, aging significantly affects both innate and adaptive immunity, impairing the development and maintenance of immunological memory. This review explores the intricate relationship between aging and immunological memory, focusing on changes in T cell and B cell responses, alterations in cytokine profiles, and the implications for vaccine efficacy in older populations. The mechanisms underlying immune senescence, including thymic involution, decreased cytokine signaling, and the accumulation of senescent immune cells, contribute to the decline in immune function. Furthermore, we discuss how these age-related changes can lead to increased susceptibility to infections and reduced vaccine responsiveness. Potential strategies to enhance immune memory in the elderly, such as targeted immunotherapies, novel vaccination approaches, and lifestyle interventions, are also examined. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for developing effective interventions to improve immune function in aging populations, ultimately extending healthy lifespan and enhancing the quality of life for older individuals.

Keywords: Immunological memory, Aging, T cells, B cells, Immune senescence, Vaccine efficacy

CITE AS: Kato Jumba K. (2024). Immunological Memory and Aging: A Mini Review. INOSR Experimental Sciences 14(2):23-28. https://doi.org/10.59298/INOSRES/2024/142.232800